Blockchain technology has had quite a ride over its relatively young lifespan but it might be a surprise to see how deeply it's got its hand into the concept of the Metaverse. The literal meaning of Metaverse is'beyond universe' and that might be a good point to start. As all new things always carry a notion of fear, metaverse was actually first introduced in a 1992 book under the name Snow Crash by Neil Stephenson. The science fiction novel is about 3D space that imitates the real world where humans as avatars interact with one another and with software agents as well. While Stephenson coined the term'metaverse', the concept has appeared under various other names in the cyberpunk fiction genre in the 1980s as well.

--This position paper presents a synthesis viewpoint of blockchains from two orthogonal perspectives: fault-tolerant distributed systems and game theory. Specifically, we formulate a new game-theoretical problem in the context of blockchains and sketch a closed-form Nash equilibrium to the problem. Blockchains have drawn much research interest, way beyond its first realization, Bitcoin [3], a cryptocurrency application built upon blockchains. From system perspectives, various facets, especially performance and scalability, have been intensively studied by multiple computer systems communities including but not limited to: computer security [7], distributed systems [11], and database systems [9]. Works on the theoretical foundation of blockchains are, however, comparatively limited, and mostly in the cryptocurrency context [6], [8], [10], usually in a permissionless setup where nodes are free to join or leave the blockchain network. In permissioned blockchains such as Hyperledger Fabric [2], where Practical Byzantine Fault-Tolerance [4] (PBFT) is the de facto consensus protocol, much work focused on PBFT and its variants without in-depth reasoning on the node's (or, user's) rationality--analyses simply assume that a node is either faulty or non-faulty.